Arterial Catheter Outcomes in Intensive Care

Arterial catheters (ACs) are widely used in ICU settings, but their long-term outcomes and complications are not well understood. This study analyzed pooled data from four randomized controlled trials to better understand the infection risk and failure rates of ACs in critically ill adults.

Study Overview
Data from 1,117 ICU patients was examined to assess arterial catheter-related complications, including infections and device failure. The focus was on understanding survival time, failure mechanisms, and any underreported risks.

Key Findings

• Only one case of confirmed arterial catheter bloodstream infection (AC-BSI) was found (<0.1%).
• 13% of catheters failed, mainly due to occlusion or poor arterial waveform.
• Catheter survival decreased over time, with only 70% lasting beyond 14 days.
• Tip culture was rarely performed, highlighting limited infection surveillance.

Conclusion
While infection rates were low, the high rate of mechanical failure and lack of comprehensive monitoring suggest arterial catheter outcomes may be underestimated. Better surveillance and prospective data are needed to guide clinical best practice.

Read More: https://www.idhjournal.com.au/article/S2468-0451(24)00050-6/fulltext 

Authors: Samantha Keogh, Emily Larsen, Amanda Corley, Fiona Coyer, Kevin B. Laupland, Claire M. Rickard